Making multiple comparisons easy: a decision tree and visual statistics guide for data with more than two groups

Many scientists learn during training to use analysis of variance (ANOVA) when comparing more than 2 groups, yet the principles and follow-up steps are often not well explained. This overview provides a practical guide for selecting appropriate multiple comparisons tests and for interpreting and presenting data accurately. While not exhaustive, it highlights commonly used approaches, many of which are available in GraphPad Prism, a widely used statistical program among cell and molecular biologists. The authors have no affiliation with Dotmatics, the distributor of GraphPad Prism, and this overview is not intended as an endorsement of the software.