A rare case report of pulmonary artery sarcoma diagnosed and managed based on multimodal imaging.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary artery sarcoma (PAS) is a rare malignant tumour of pulmonary vessels. Due to the lack of specific clinical symptoms, PAS is easily misdiagnosed as pulmonary thromboembolism, so that many patients miss the opportunity of early diagnosis and treatment. CASE SUMMARY: A 42-year-old man presented to the hospital with a heart murmur on physical examination. After admission, he underwent serial imaging studies and was diagnosed with a pulmonary artery mass. Guided by multimodal imaging, the patient underwent surgical treatment, and post-operative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of PAS. Eighteen months after the operation, the patient's follow-up examination results indicated tumour recurrence. DISCUSSION: This case emphasizes the advantages of combining multiple imaging modalities in the early identification of PAS and in guiding surgical management.