Expression and Clinical Significance of the MRPS5 Gene in Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Study Based on Public Databases.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression and clinical implications of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein S5 (MRPS5) gene in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) using bioinformatics tools. METHODS: A comprehensive analysis was performed utilizing databases such as SANGERBOX, XIANTAO BIOINFORMATICS TOOL, UALCAN, and STRING. Expression levels of MRPS5 in UCEC were validated through Western blotting (WB) and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to determine its clinical relevance. RESULTS: MRPS5 expression was significantly elevated in UCEC patients (n=546) compared to normal tissues (n=35), P<0.05. WB analysis showed increased MRPS5 protein levels in three endometrial carcinoma cell lines: (RL95-2, 3.36), (HEC-1-B, 3.78), (Ishikawa, 7.39), relative to normal endometrial cells (12Z, 0.94), P<0.05. RT-qPCR revealed significantly higher MRPS5 mRNA levels in these cell lines compared to normal endometrial cells (P<0.0001). In UCEC, high MRPS5 expression was significantly associated with clinical characteristics such as stage, race, nodal weight, age, histological subtype, TP53 mutations, and promoter methylation (P<0.05). Additionally, MRPS5 protein expression in UCEC was linked to alterations in the WNT pathway, mTOR pathway, NRF2 pathway, RTK pathway, chromatin modifier alterations, and MYC/MYCN alterations. Survival analysis showed that high MRPS5 expression levels were significantly associated with decreased overall survival (OS) in UCEC (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: MRPS5 gene is highly expressed in most cases of UCEC, and is correlated with disease onset, progression, and adverse prognosis, suggesting its potential as a valuable biomarker for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of UCEC.