Bozhi Tian, Baoning Sha, Yuanwen Jiang, Aaditya Nandakumar, Alex Ezerins, Sarah Suyeon Kim, Tzahi Cohen-Karni, Yang Jiao, Anqi Zhang, Yikai Wang, Yusi Guo, Xuehui Zhang, Ning Hu, Ciro Chiappini, Sierin Lim, Christian A. Nijhuis, Manuel Pires-Santos, Cátia F. Monteiro, João F. Mano, Sally Wang, Yves Loiseau-Marchand, Joshua Atkinson, Stanley Gong Sheng Ka, Yaqi Sheng, Yunxiao Wang, Yan Yan Shery Huang, Yoeri van de Burgt, Franceca Santoro, Pengju Li, Philipp Gutruf, Francis L. C. Morgan, Christoph Tondera, Ivan R. Minev
Abstract Nano-enabled living materials and living electronics represent the next frontier in integrating biology with advanced nanotechnology, offering unprecedented opportunities to design systems with programmable, adaptive, and multifunctional capabilities. By combining living cells or tissues with engineered nanostructures, living materials and electronics create platforms for bi-directional communication, sensing, and actuation. These advancements hold immense potential for applications in healthcare, energy systems, and environmental sustainability. This roadmap provides a comprehensive vision for advancing this transformative field, addressing scientific challenges, technological pathways, and long-term goals for deploying these hybrid systems at scale.