The development of a 3D-printed exoskeleton knee brace for independent resistance training.

This study focuses on the restricted accessibility for people who are unable to undertake lower limb resistance exercise independently. Many typical exercises rely on external equipment or assistance, which limits the options for many rehabilitation patients, such as those who have had a stroke, neuromuscular conditions, or surgery recovery. This study aimed to develop a low-cost, innovative 3D-printed exoskeleton knee brace for independent resistance training, targeting the knee extensors and flexors. The knee brace prototype was designed to provide comfort, safety, and a mix of lightweight and strength. Kinematic analysis was used to evaluate the forces generated by resistance bands, and the design underwent finite element analysis simulation to ensure its structural integrity. Results indicate high user satisfaction, specifically regarding the knee brace's lightweight design and perceived safety. Participants perceived that the brace provided appropriate resistance for targeting the quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups during knee extension and flexion exercises. Participants recommended design improvements, including adjustments to the strap and length. The study suggests that knee braces are a suitable method for independent resistance training, and future research should focus on evaluating their effectiveness in rehabilitation patients who are unable to perform current lower limb activities.