A review of advances in next-generation materials for quantum sensing and communication

Abstract This review provides a comprehensive overview of the key materials underpinning quantum technologies, including two-dimensional system (2D), superconducting materials, and nitrogen-vacancy (NV − ) centers in diamond. Particular emphasis is placed on their roles in quantum sensing, communication, and qubit design. Quantum sensors, such as atomic vapor magnetometers, solid-state spin sensors, and superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID) circuits, have become essential tools for measuring magnetic fields and detecting physical phenomena at extremely small scales. These technologies, with diverse applications ranging from medicine and geophysics to biotechnology and materials science, offer new opportunities for detecting and measuring nanoscale phenomena and are poised to play a key role in the future of quantum technologies.