An enhanced MXene/LIG composite structure-based flexible sensor for real-time pilot motion monitoring

Abstract Flexible sensors have emerged as a promising tool in applications ranging from pilot physiological monitoring to motion capture and complex training environments. However, conventional approaches often face inherent limitations, such as susceptibility to electromagnetic interference, instability in humid or sweat-rich conditions, and restricted multifunctional integration. To overcome these challenges, we present a flexible sensor based on a multifunctional MXene/LIG composite structure. By combining surface-modified MXene with laser-induced graphene (LIG), we developed a robust conductive framework characterized by hierarchical porosity. Thanks to this innovative design, the sensor achieves exceptional multifunctional performance. It exhibits high electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 31.5 dB through synergistic reflection and absorption, demonstrates strong hydrophobicity with a contact angle of 151.1°, and delivers enhanced thermal conductivity. These features enable accurate monitoring of operational movements in simulated cockpit environments while ensuring durable performance under complex aviation requirements. Moreover, this design strategy offers a novel pathway for advancing high-performance flexible sensors, opening new opportunities in wearable electronics, healthcare monitoring, and intelligent human-machine interaction systems.