Global resurgence of Chikungunya virus: outbreak drivers and emerging solutions

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infections have raised increasing global concern. Recurrent outbreaks across diverse regions underscore the urgent need for proactive measures to prevent further epidemic spread. Key drivers - including high vector density, viral adaptive mutations, and delayed early intervention - have been addressed as critical factors promoting CHIKV emergence and transmission. Prompt case detection, integrated vector management, real-time genomic tracking, and water surveillance are pivotal to effective containment. Additionally, the availability of two licensed vaccines and several candidates in advanced clinical development offers new opportunities to protect vulnerable populations. We here emphasized the need to address the drivers of outbreaks and implement timely prevention and control measures, alongside deploying available vaccines to protect at-risk populations.