The role of digital enablement in linking low-carbon practices to supply chain resilience and performance

Amid growing global attention to low-carbon transitions and supply chain resilience, the integration of digitalisation into sustainable supply chain management remains underexplored. Grounded in dynamic capabilities theory, this study examines how supply chain digitalisation facilitates low-carbon practices and resilience to improve performance. Using survey data from 296 Chinese manufacturing firms and PLS-SEM analysis, the findings reveal that: (1) supply chain digitalisation promotes low-carbon practices by enhancing transparency, collaboration, and real-time monitoring; (2) supply chain digitalisation strengthens resilience via improved risk anticipation, agile response, and learning mechanisms; (3) low-carbon practices positively influence resilience through resource efficiency; and (4) supply chain digitalisation indirectly improves performance through a chain-mediated pathway via low-carbon practices and resilience, with no direct effects observed. This study contributes a ‘technology → capability → performance’ framework and offers practical recommendations for managers pursuing dual digital–low-carbon strategies in sustainable supply chain development.