Dynamic university governance: a conceptual framework for autonomous universities in Indonesia

This study explores the transformation of university governance in Indonesia, focusing on the growing autonomy of 24 public universities designated as autonomous universities (Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Badan Hukum or PTNBH). In response to this shift, the study introduces the Dynamic University Governance (DUG) framework, which integrates the dimensions of Culture, Dynamic Capabilities, and Change, adapted from Neo, B. S., and G. Chen. (2007. Dynamic Dynamic Governance: Embedding Culture, Capabilities and Change in Singapore. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.) dynamic governance model. Drawing on a systematic literature review and policy analysis, the research identifies eight sub-dimensions, 27 indicators, and 34 measurable variables that together form an integrated analytical framework. The findings highlight the potential of the DUG framework to support institutional adaptability, resilience, and responsiveness to regulatory challenges. As a conceptual and diagnostic tool, it provides a structured approach examine the relationship between autonomy and accountability in university governance, offering key insights for policymakers and university leaders to strengthen governance arrangements and align institutional strategies with international higher education standards.