Factors associated with self-efficacy in individuals with stroke.

This study aimed to examine factors associated with self-efficacy in individuals with stroke within a multidimensional framework. A total of 152 individuals with stroke were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Self-efficacy was assessed using the Daily Living Self-Efficacy Scale, functional independence using the Functional Independence Measure, participation using the Frenchay Activity Index, and fatigue using the Fatigue Severity Scale. Demographic and clinical data were also collected. Bivariate correlations and theory-driven hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. The final model explained 46.9% of the variance in self-efficacy. Sex, education level, fatigue severity, and functional independence were identified as the factors most closely associated with self-efficacy, while age, stroke duration, employment status, and participation were not independently associated with self-efficacy in the final model. These findings indicate that self-efficacy after stroke is particularly related to functional independence and fatigue, while also reflecting the role of contextual characteristics such as sex and education. Addressing these factors may help guide rehabilitation approaches aimed at supporting self-efficacy in individuals with stroke.