Incidence of heat-related illness in a Texas emergency department network: a retrospective analysis.

BACKGROUND: The southern region of the USA including Texas is projected to see increasing temperatures. Heat-related illness (HRI) is a consequence of rising temperatures, and vulnerable populations are disproportionately affected. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study analyzed electronic health record data in Central Texas. Subjects presenting to the emergency department with HRI in 2015-2016 and 2022-2023 were identified via International Classification of Diseases codes. Variables collected included age, sex, race, month, and urban-rural status. Local temperature trends were examined. RESULTS: The overall incidence of HRI increased from 0.08% of total presentations to 0.15% (P < 0.001). Subjects aged 64 to 97 years and Hispanic subjects showed a disproportionate increase. Metropolitan areas had a higher incidence than rural areas. Presentations significantly clustered from May through August. The mean age increased by 5.28 years, while local temperatures did not differ significantly. CONCLUSION: The incidence of HRI increased over time, with a higher prevalence among older adults and Hispanic populations. Targeted public health interventions are needed for marginalized communities and older adults in underserved areas to mitigate HRI morbidity and mortality.