HRM practices, FinTech infrastructure, and information asset protection: A panel data investigation of business continuity and operational risk in the banking sector (2017–2024)

The objective of this study is to determine how growing banking economies in the MENA region respond to operational risk, business continuity, and information asset protection using human resource management practices and FinTech infrastructure. This research uses OLS model, fixed effects, 2SLS and system-GMM model to control for parallel trend and OLS model to control for heterogeneous effect of joint risk, model A-D. The study is based on data consisting of 1,147 panel observations collected between 2017 and 2024. The results show that human resource management strategies that improve employee affinity for digital technologies foster a cybersecurity culture and engage the workforce are strong drivers of FinTech infrastructure FinTech; Fintech infrastructure facilitates digital resilience and efficient operationally secure performance. A robust Fintech ecosystem also permits successful risk mitigation and unbroken service maintenance through a safe and whole-financial system. However, the new FinTech inventions have not fully eliminated the problems of operational defects, which require additional governance and compliance instruments. The investigate established that multi-firm integrated HR technology tactics are necessary to empower genius and relieve risk.