Assessing the performance of cotton seed oil blended with multi-walled carbon nanotubes doped with isopropyl alcohol in compression ignition engines

This groundbreaking study demonstrates the remarkable potential of utilising a diesel engine powered by a unique blend of cottonseed oil, isopropyl alcohol and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The fusion of MWCNTs with carefully measured amounts of isopropyl alcohol signifies a pivotal advancement that significantly enhances engine performance. The brake thermal efficiency soared by an impressive 16.67% for the 90D5CS5PA + 0.025 g MWCNT blend compared to traditional diesel fuel. Even more striking is the 33.3% reduction in brake-specific fuel consumption for this blend. During testing, the maximum heat release rate reached 70 joules per degree of the crank angle, complemented by a peak pressure of 80 bar, evidencing the blend's robust performance. Furthermore, the 100CS + 0.1 g MWCNT blend achieved unparalleled results in emission reduction. It yielded 40% lower carbon monoxide (CO) emissions than diesel, alongside a remarkable 12.1% decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for the same blend 100 CS + 0.1 g MWCNT. The same blend 100 CS + 0.1 g MWCNT also exhibited lesser hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, outperforming the diesel by 37.5%. Additionally, nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions were reduced by 2.78% relative to diesel for the blend 100 CS + 0.1 g MWCNT, and smoke opacity is less for the same blend by 20.3% than diesel.