Resilience analysis of supply chain networks under cascading failure model considering tolerance state and competitive recovery

Stability and resilience of supply chains are crucial for enterprise operations. Supply chains are vulnerable to disruption risks, potentially resulting in cascading failures (i.e. the ripple effect). This study aims to delve into the dynamic characteristics of cascading failures and explore effective approaches to enhancing supply chain resilience (SCR). We propose a cascading failure model named CFM-TSCR, which incorporates tolerance state and competitive recovery. The tolerance state represents the manifestation of an enterprise's willingness to tolerate risk, thereby influencing the timing of its execution of recovery measures. Competitive recovery acknowledges that recovery is a process of bilateral selection among enterprises within a competitive environment rather than unilateral efforts. Essentially, the tolerance state and competitive recovery reflect when enterprises initiate the recovery process and how enterprises respond to the recovery process, respectively. Additionally, we investigate the effects of modelling parameters and diverse disruption scenarios on SCR. These findings play a significant role and hold substantial value in identifying critical nodes within supply chain networks, refining enterprises' recovery strategies and enhancing SCR.