Ethanol-processed NiOx nanocrystals enable the development of high-efficiency p-i-n perovskite solar cells with enhanced stability.

Ethanolic NiOx dispersions afford denser, pinhole-free films with fewer nitrate residues and a higher Ni3+/Ni2+ ratio than aqueous routes. The resulting p-i-n perovskite solar cells achieve 25.52% power conversion efficiency and retain 90% of the initial efficiency after 800 h, highlighting the potential of solvent engineering for stable perovskite photovoltaics.