Molecular polarity engineering of nonfullerene acceptors for process-tolerant green-light-selective organic solar cells.

Controlling molecular ordering in nonfullerene acceptors is essential for P3HT-based green-light wavelength-selective organic solar cells for agrivoltaics, because excessive crystallization can compromise film processability and morphology. Here, electrostatic-steric linker engineering modulates molecular surface polarity to suppress excessive crystallization while preserving local ordering, enabling process-tolerant photovoltaic performance.