Freeze-resistant multi-functional organohydrogel reinforced with bi-metallic MOFs for advanced strain sensors and flexible communication devices

) and excellent strain-sensing performance (-18 °C to 40 °C), including a high gauge factor (GF = 7.58), a rapid response/recovery time (110/90 ms), and a wide detection range (0.5-800%), allowing precise monitoring of diverse deformations and human motions. Furthermore, when coupled with Morse code, the sensor functions as a freezing-tolerant communication platform capable of encrypting and transmitting messages in extreme environments. This study highlights the strong potential of MOF-reinforced organohydrogels for next-generation flexible electronic devices.