Cold plasma triggered cell death with a curcumin and capecitabine loaded magnetic nanocluster-based multifunctional system on the MCF-7 cell line: a smart therapy platform

for HME-1 cells. The elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by CAP played a key role in the observed cytotoxic effects, and both CUR and CAPE were found to enhance this process through ROS-related and potentially additional molecular pathways. These findings highlight the potential of CAP-assisted multicomponent nanocarriers as a promising platform for effective cancer therapy.