Yiteng Luo, Sai Ho Pun, He Yan, Wei Liu
closed pores. We also review representative diagnostic techniques for quantitative pore characterization, and the advanced binders or electrolytes that stabilize porous ATPs in the context of practical pouch or cylindrical cells. Lastly, we discuss cell-level considerations and operating procedures, outlining future research directions toward post-intercalation anodes for both liquid- and solid-state LIBs.