Awais Irfan, Sajid Butt, Mohamed Masoud, Syed Rizwan, Muhammad Atif, Muhammad Abdul Basit
at 450 K), whereas high temperature annealing (400 °C) significantly reduced thermoelectric performance due to excessive oxidation and degradation of the membrane. This work highlights that the tunability of MXene films through controlled annealing and surface functional group modification can significantly enhance the performance of thermoelectric materials for room- to mid-temperature range applications. The investigation of MXenes' thermoelectric properties opens new avenues for their use in flexible electronics and wearable devices.