Tasmina Khandaker, Ahmed B. M. Ibrahim, Wael S. Al-Rashed, Khalid Anojaidi, Waleed A. Al-Suwaylih, Mohammed A Al-Suwaylih, Mohamed A. Habib, Muhammad Sarwar Hossain
. The composite required less extensive chemical adjustment because it worked well over a broad pH range, with optimal removal taking place close to neutral pH. The accuracy of the removal data was guaranteed by dual quantification using UV-vis and ICP-MS. Strong binding interactions and quick kinetics were made possible by the complementary contributions of amino, hydroxyl, and thiol groups through surface complexation and ion exchange. With its quick adsorption, high selectivity, and operational compatibility with actual environmental conditions, ZePol-4 shows great promise as a scalable, environmentally friendly, and highly effective material for tertiary wastewater treatment.