Haolin Xie, Jinming Zeng, Zheng Xie, Yang Ou, Qingqing Qiu, Huan Li, Huiling Liu, Putrakumar Balla, Jiatao Wu, Ping Liu, Tongxiang Liang
. The electrochromic energy storage mechanism of benzoimidazoisoindolone-based conjugated polymers involves sequential electron transfer with preferential carbonyl reduction, followed by imidazole ring reduction, which enables synergistic regulation of color switching and energy storage. Benzoimidazoisoindolone-based n-type fully conjugated ladder polymers demonstrate promising potential for highly air-stable aqueous sodium-ion electrochromic energy storage systems.