Green synthesis of oxygen-vacancy-rich NiV-LDH photocatalysts for the enhancement of photocatalytic H ₂ O ₂ production and Cr( <scp>vi</scp> ) detoxification

followed a direct two-electron pathway. Likewise, the Cr(VI) reduction by NiV-LDHs followed pseudo-first order kinetics. The low intense photoluminescence spectra, highest photocurrent density, smallest arc radius in the impedance spectra of NiV-LDHs, along with the Mott-Schottky (MS) analysis, led to an understanding of the mechanistic aspects of their photocatalytic activities. This work highlights a cost-effective, eco-friendly strategy for developing defect-engineered LDH materials with promising potential for environmental remediation and sustainable photocatalysis.