Mariyam Saniya, Sumbul Raza, Tokeer Ahmad
adsorption-desorption dynamics. We also offer actionable, application-focused strategies for designing and selecting industrial-grade HER catalysts and spotlight the fabrication strategies fuelling material innovation, alongside the performance and sustainability of cutting-edge functional materials aimed at sparking further research in this transformative field and advancing the collective mission of safeguarding our planet and its pulse.