Imaging strategies to assess efficacy and safety of ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier opening

Focused-ultrasound (FUS) in conjunction with microbubbles contrast agent is a non-invasive methods to induce transient blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption. This review aims to provide an overview of the imaging strategies (magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and ultrasound imaging) used in parallel with FUS-induced BBB opening in pre-clinical and clinical studies to ensure the safety and efficacy of the technique.