Role of quantum dots in photoelectrocatalytic technology

Quantum dots (QDs) function as photon sensitizers in photoelectrocatalysis (PEC), enhancing the ability of bulk materials to harness a broad spectrum of photon energy. Through precise engineering, QDs facilitate the development of advanced strategies to synthesize high-performance photoelectrodes that improve the efficiency of light-driven technologies. This review highlights valuable insights in integrating QDs into PEC systems, focusing on heterojunction-mediated charge transfer. We explore their unique optoelectronic properties, the enhancement of conventional photoanodes and photocathodes, and strategies to optimize interfacial charge transfer dynamics for efficient photon-to-energy conversion. Finally, we discuss the advantages, limitations, and future prospects of QD-based PEC technology.