Effects of diabetes complications on body composition, dietary intake, and metabolic parameters.

AIM: Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from deficiencies in the effect or secretion of insulin. Diabetes leads to various acute and chronic complications. This study investigated the impact of complications on body composition, dietary habits, and biochemical parameters in individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: The study included 42 diabetes patients with complications and 45 diabetic individuals without complications. A 24-hour dietary recall was conducted to assess nutritional status. The results of routine blood tests were analyzed to measure metabolic control. Measurements of participants' body weight, height, body composition, and waist and hip circumferences were recorded. Body composition was assessed utilizing a portable bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Body composition was examined using body fat percentage, body water percentage, visceral fat percentage, muscle mass, and basal metabolic rate. RESULTS: Individuals with complications of diabetes had elevated body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, visceral fat percentage, and waist and hip circumference (p > 0.05). They exhibited increased consumption of carbohydrates, dietary cholesterol, and saturated fats (p > 0.05). Additionally, HbA1c concentrations were higher and albumin concentrations were lower in individuals with diabetic complications (p < 0.05). CONCLUSıON: The study findings indicate that complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes negatively impact metabolic parameters, body composition, and nutritional consumption. To mitigate the risk of complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes, dietary treatments should be implemented to enhance metabolic parameters and body composition.