Seasonal Multi-Angular Hourly Observations of Spectral Reflectance and Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence in a Wheat Canopy

We present a seasonal, multi-angular, hourly dataset of hyperspectral top-of-canopy reflectance and far-red solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) collected over winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) from the onset of spring regrowth to senescence. Measurements were conducted at the Gucheng Agro-meteorological Experimental Station using an automated system integrating co-aligned spectrometers and a computer-controlled pan-tilt unit. Observations were acquired under predefined viewing geometries, including principal plane, hotspot, and azimuth modes, from approximately 08:00 to 17:00. Complementary measurements of canopy structure and leaf chlorophyll content are provided. The dataset enables investigations of diurnal, seasonal, and angular variability in canopy optical signals and supports the development and validation of remote sensing methods for structural and biochemical properties.