Global, regional, and national burden of falls among older adults: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 and Projections to 2040

Falls are a significant cause of injury-related morbidity and mortality among older adults worldwide, with a rising incidence in recent decades. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, we analyzed incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) related to falls in individuals aged 65 years and older from 1990 to 2021. In 2021, there were approximately 45,657,816 new falls globally, reflecting a 182% increase since 1990. While the incidence rate rose, mortality and DALY rates remained relatively stable. Higher incidence was observed in women, but men had higher mortality rates. Regional differences were notable, with Australasia and South Asia showing the highest incidence and mortality burdens, respectively. Low bone mineral density emerged as the leading risk factor. Projections indicate a continued rise in incidence through 2040. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted prevention strategies to reduce the health burden of falls among older adults.