Extreme longitudinal thermal conductivity and non-diffusive heat transport in isotopic hBN

Abstract We measure the temperature profile and investigate the thermal conductivity of suspended monoisotopic hexagonal boron nitride (h 10 BN) heterostructures by combining suspended microbridge technique and Raman spectroscopy. The thermal conductivities exceed 1650 W.m −1 .K −1 at room temperature, significantly higher than in previous reports, highlighting the crucial influence of the measurement conditions on the experimental results. By including more data points, we refine our models beyond the accuracy of conventional approaches. Our results show a striking deviation of thermal transport from the classical diffusion regime described by Fourier’s law: while the temperature profiles are linear above 300 K, they become clearly nonlinear below this temperature, indicating a strong non-diffusive heat transport regime. This behavior underscores the need for a new theoretical framework to fully account for heat transport in two-dimensional materials. Ultimately, our findings pave the way for innovative heat dissipation technologies and challenge conventional paradigms in nano-heat engineering. This study establishes a practical framework linking Raman-based temperature mapping, the number of measurement points, and thermal simulations to reliably determine the in-plane thermal conductivity of 2D materials.