Raffaella Greco, Isabel Sánchez-Ortega, Am Risitano, Krzysztof Kalwak, Annalisa Ruggeri, Iliana Kleovoulou, Marina Atlija, Tobias Alexander, Emanuele Angelucci, Dina Averbuch, Ali Bazarbachi, Maria Ester Bernardo, Charles Crawley, Mette D. Hazenberg, Olaf Penack, Helen Baldomero, Jakob R. Passweg, Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha, Donal P. McLornan, Fabio Ciceri, A. Sureda
In 2024, the EBMT activity survey surpassed one million HCTs reported since 1990, a major milestone in cellular therapy. That year, 47,204 HCTs (21,023 allogeneic, 26,181 autologous) were reported in 43,791 patients across 688 centres in 53 countries. Compared to 2023, HCT activity decreased (-1.1% overall, -3.9% autologous), while allogeneic increased ( + 2.6%) to the highest annual activity to date. CAR-T therapy reached 6,082 patients ( + 24.5% vs 2023), surpassing 20,000 since 2018. Main indications for allo-HCT were myeloid (62%), lymphoid malignancies (~24%), and non-malignant disorders (~17%). For auto-HCT were plasma cell disorders (59%), lymphomas (22%), and solid tumours (~6%). Unrelated donors (56%) increased ( + 5%), while HLA-identical siblings (25%) and haploidentical (19%) remained stable. Cord blood use continued decreasing (-6.2%). Paediatric HCT activity decreased slightly (-1.7%; -1.9% allogeneic, -1.1% autologous). CAR-T therapy expanded (lymphomas remaining the leading indication (70%), followed by multiple myeloma (18%,) and ALL (8%). Autoimmune diseases indications increased by 67%). Overall, transplant and CAR-T activity steadily increased, with pandemic-related declines mitigated by safety measures, reflecting systems resilience and variable country contributions. From 2025, the EBMT survey will capture adult and paediatric activity separately, establishing a comprehensive database to monitor trends, inform practice, define clinical needs and assess equitable access.