Dyadic division of labor: Effects of individual effectivities, task difficulty, and communicative abilities.

The present experiments aim to identify the contexts and constraints that give rise to effective social coordination in a novel division-of-labor task, a gamified model of honey bee nectar processing. Experiment 1 investigated the interaction of task demand and individual effectivities on task efficiency and deterministic movement behavior in dyads. Experiment 2 replicated and extended Experiment 1 by adding a condition related to communicative abilities. Results showed that increasing task demand often resulted in increased coordination and synchronization, regardless of task-switching abilities or communicative abilities. Additionally, restricting individuals' abilities to switch roles during more difficult tasks improved performance. Hypotheses relating to communication were largely unsupported; however, trends suggested that restricting communication could be beneficial for coordination and efficiency if the system were given more time to adjust to their communicative abilities. Together, these constraints and contextual factors provide a starting point for investigating coordination in goal-oriented, division-of-labor settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).