Ultrasensitive Full-Sensory Discrimination via Bean Tumor-Mediated Micro–Nano Phase Separation in Bilayer Electronic Skin

As sensation is a fundamental aspect of human–environment interaction, developing electronic skin that mimics biological perception has become a prominent research focus. However, existing studies often capture only limited and ambiguous sensory information, lacking comprehensive sensory discrimination and precision. Herein, inspired by the skin's multilayered structure, a novel skin-like double-layer bionic flexible electronic skin (BE-skin) is designed by micro–nano phase separation. The upper epidermoid polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer transmits force via the bean tumor structure, while the lower neural network-like layer exhibits signal reception and discrimination capabilities of forces and temperature changes. As a result, the BE-skin can detect and differentiate subtle temperature and pressure changes with millisecond-level response times (TCR 1,2 = –4.61%/°C, 40.65%/°C for heating and cooling, respectively, P ≥100 Pa, sensitivity = 9.8% kPa −1 ), which is higher than that reported for most BE-skins. The skin-like double-layer structure provides a novel strategy for accurate six-signal detection and differentiation. In addition, the BE-skin possesses excellent self-healing performance (within 50 min) and breathability (648 g m −2 day −1 ), which facilitates integration of perception and action, thereby enabling robots to accurately recognize and differentiate the full range of environmental signals.