Spectroscopic and Electrical Insights into Humidity-Induced Modifications of Graphene Structures

. KPFM mapping demonstrated surface potential redistribution and a reduction of the work function, consistent with improved carrier mobility upon water adsorption. Electrical measurements showed resistance variations that diverge from theoretical predictions for pristine graphene, indicating that environmental contaminants strongly influence device behavior. These results highlight the dual role of water as both a contaminant stabilizer and a charge redistribution agent, emphasizing the importance of environmental control for graphene-based sensing applications, or the inclusion of the expectations of the shift of electric properties caused by the environmental contaminants.