Recent Advances in Hydrate-Based CO ₂ Capture: Energy Consumption, Cost Analysis, Policy Perspectives, and Machine Learning-Driven Simulation of CO ₂ Hydrate Formation

High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Gas hydrate-based carbon capture and storage (CCUS) technologies represent a promising approach to mitigating climate change by efficiently capturing and storing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). This review examines the technical and economic aspects of gas hydrate-based CCUS, including the latest developments related to CO 2 hydrate formation studies. With special attention to flue gas decarbonization, this paper discusses the challenges faced and the focus areas that need improvement in advancing and scaling up hydrate-based CCUS. The review also provides a systematic approach to understanding the techno-economic aspects of CCUS plants and concisely discusses the technical opportunities and the associated cost dynamics within various CCUS technologies. The review also discusses the integration of hydrate-based capture with broader decarbonization strategies, underscoring the critical role of supportive policies and technological advancements in scaling up these solutions for global impact.