Preparation and Modifications of MXene-Based Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production: A Review

Due to current energy and environmental issues, H 2 is a suitable energy carrier and clean fuel because of its high energy storage density and environmentally friendly character. Electrolytic hydrogen production has received widespread attention for its green and sustainable nature. However, the high energy consumption of hydrogen production from water electrolysis makes it rely on high activity catalyst catalysts with high activity. The excellent conductivity, hydrophilicity, and corrosion resistance of two-dimensional MXene materials make it the best choice for catalytic electrolysis hydrogen production processes. However, there is currently a lack of detailed reports on safer and environmentally friendly synthesis methods and factors affecting their catalytic performance. Meanwhile, their application in hydrogen production has not been reviewed in detail, especially in the study of chemically assisted electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Therefore, this article introduces various preparation methods for MXenes, especially several synthesis strategies. Subsequently, various modification strategies are discussed in detail, revealing the essential reasons for performance improvement. Moreover, the recent applications of MXene materials in electrocatalytic hydrogen production are summarized. Finally, the challenges, suggestions, and opportunities of MXenes as catalysts for electrolytic hydrogen production are discussed. Finally, by synthesizing the current research landscape, this review identifies key challenges and outlines future opportunities for the development of MXene-based electrocatalysts, providing a foundational overview and outlook for their further development in electrolytic hydrogen production.