Review on the Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of MOF-Derived Transition Metal Selenides for Supercapacitor Applications

Transition metal selenides (TMSe) have garnered significant attention as electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs), which are crucial components of advanced energy storage systems intricately linked to societal and industrial development. Supercapacitors are renowned for their exceptional high-power density, ultrafast charge–discharge kinetics, and superior long-term cyclability, and they rely heavily on electrode materials for optimal performance. This review emphasizes TMSe-based electrodes, highlighting their superior electrical conductivity, enhanced redox activity, and greater structural flexibility compared to conventional oxides and sulfides. The review examines various synthesis techniques, structural modifications, and electrochemical properties of TMSe electrodes, with a focus on metal–organic framework (MOF)-derived mono-, bi-, and trimetallic selenides. Although considerable advancements have been made, enduring challenges, including limited long-term stability, scalability, and interface-related obstacles, persist. Addressing these issues remains an imperative for the successful deployment of TMSe electrodes in next-generation energy storage devices.