Dutch GPs' perceptions of post-pandemic changes in childhood infection management.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted primary care, including childhood infection management. Public health measures reduced respiratory infections, raising concerns about an 'immunity debt' in children. General practitioners (GPs) faced fewer in-person consultations, evolving diagnostic routines, and changing parental expectations. While hospital data are available, effects in general practice are less studied. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among Dutch GPs with experience before and after the pandemic. The 35-item questionnaire addressed infection patterns, management, parental behaviour, and communication. RESULTS: Of 166 GPs, 32% noted changes in infection management and 44% observed altered seasonal trends. While consultation rates remained stable, diagnostic testing and antibiotic use increased. GPs reported longer consultations and rising parental demands, especially among those with lower health literacy or migrant backgrounds. CONCLUSION: GPs reported key shifts in managing childhood infections. Strengthening communication and further qualitative research may enhance care and equity.