Engineering CXCL10-enriched macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles for T cell recruitment and immune remodeling in pancreatic cancer.

CXCL10-enriched macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles were engineered to reprogram the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. CXCL@MEVs enabled bioactive CXCL10 presentation, drove M2-to-M1 macrophage repolarization, recruited and activated CD8+ T cells, and suppressed PANC02 tumor growth with minimal systemic toxicity.