Expert insights into AI-assisted platelet bioproducts for patient-centered care in selected clinical scenarios and regenerative applications: From conventional concentrates to regenerative medicine.

The clinical use of platelet concentrate preparations has evolved within AI-informed, modernized practice, moving from classical formulations toward extracellular vesicle-based and engineered therapies and reflecting a major shift toward regenerative medicine. Although first-generation preparations, particularly platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), remain the most widely used, next-generation products may offer enhanced bioactivity, improved standardization and broader applicability across dental, orthopedic, ocular and wound-healing indications. Among the most promising innovations are engineered platelet subfractions, including cultured platelets, and extracellular vesicle-based formulations, such as exosomes and microparticles. These advances in platelet bioproducts enable enrichment of selected bioactive components and may support scalable production with reduced dependence on donor variability. Exosome-based approaches are especially attractive because they can deliver growth factors, cytokines, lipids and nucleic acids that mediate intercellular signaling and tissue repair. Platelet-mimetic nanoparticles are also emerging as versatile platforms for targeted drug delivery and regenerative intervention. Despite considerable progress, engineered platelet preparations are not yet positioned to replace donor-derived platelets in routine clinical practice. Important barriers remain, including incomplete standardization, challenges in demonstrating bioequivalence, manufacturing complexity and the need for robust translational and regulatory frameworks. Artificial intelligence (AI) may help address several of these limitations by supporting product optimization, quality control, data integration and patient-specific therapeutic selection. In this AI-informed expert narrative review, we examine why safer and more diverse platelet bioproducts are being developed, their clinical relevance and how AI may influence the future interpretation, development and implementation of platelet-based regenerative therapies. We also discuss ongoing innovation in validated blood-derived platelet concentrates and platelet subpopulations for tissue repair, regeneration and related clinical applications from the perspective of transfusion medicine and regenerative medicine experts.