CD70-targeted CAR-T/NK therapy: Rationale, advances, and future directions

• CD70 is highly expressed in various hematologic and solid tumors, making it a promising target for CAR-T/NK cell therapies. • CD70-targeted CAR-T cells recognize tumor antigens independently of MHC, while CAR-NK cells offer superior safety and multimodal killing mechanisms. • Innovations like dual-target CARs and CRISPR gene editing are addressing key challenges, enhancing the efficacy and safety of CD70-targeted therapies. Chimeric antigen receptor T and natural killer (CAR-T/NK) cells is a rapidly evolving cellular immunotherapy technology that has made great achievements in the treatment of hematologic diseases. CD70, as a surface antigen expressed on tumor cells in a variety of hematologic malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma, etc., and solid tumors such as renal cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and glioma, is a potential target for CAR-T/NK cells. Several preclinical studies and clinical trials on CAR-T/NK cells targeting CD70 are currently underway, bringing new hope for the treatment of CD70-positive tumors.