Tri-Band Vis-NIR Spectroscopy with Color Residual-Variance Gated Attention Fusion for Rapid Assessment of Hongmeiren (Citrus reticulata) Soluble Solids Content.

Rapid assessment of internal fruit quality is essential for fruit grading, postharvest management, and consumer-oriented quality evaluation. Among the quality attributes, soluble solids content (SSC) is a key indicator of citrus sweetness and maturity. Visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy provides an effective approach for rapid SSC detection in fruit. However, most existing studies rely on single full-spectrum models or simple band stacking strategies, which limits their ability to fully exploit complementary information among different spectral sub-bands. To address this limitation, a color residual-variance gated attention fusion network (CR-VGAFNet) is proposed for efficient SSC assessment in Hongmeiren. On the independent prediction set, CR-VGAFNet achieved a prediction correlation coefficient (RP) of 0.7744, a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.6530 °Brix, and a mean absolute percentage error of prediction (MAPEP) of 4.83%. These findings suggest the potential of the framework for multi-band spectral fusion. This study provides a new technical perspective for multi-band spectral fusion and rapid fruit quality assessment.