"Protective antiseptic efficacy of Allolobophora caliginosa coelomic fluid in a mouse model of sepsis induced by faecal slurry".

Sepsis is characterized by dysregulated inflammation, oxidative stress, and multi-organ failure. This study evaluated the protective and antimicrobial efficacy of Allolobophora caliginosa coelomic fluid (ACCF) in a murine model of fecal slurry-induced sepsis. Male CD-1 mice were divided into control, sepsis, and ACCF-treated groups. Sepsis was induced via intraperitoneal injection of fecal slurry, and ACCF (20 mg/kg) was administered orally. ACCF was characterized by Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and assessed for in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. In vivo analysis included serum biochemistry, oxidative stress biomarkers, and histopathological examination of liver and kidney tissues. GC-MS analysis identified bioactive fatty acid methyl esters and anti-inflammatory compounds. In vitro, ACCF demonstrated strong radical scavenging activity, inhibition of heat-induced hemolysis, and broad-spectrum bactericidal effects, with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MIC: 3.9-15.62 µg/mL; MBC/MIC = 2). In vivo, ACCF reduced liver and kidney damage markers and improved antioxidant enzyme activity in treated mice. Histopathology showed preserved organ architecture. ACCF demonstrated strong antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting promise as a natural option for sepsis treatment. Key findings include: ACCF (20 mg/kg) significantly restored hepatic and renal biochemical markers, replenished antioxidant enzyme activities (GSH, SOD, CAT, GST), and reduced oxidative stress indicators (MDA, NO) in septic mice. Bactericidal activity against all tested pathogens (MBC/MIC ratio = 2) was confirmed. These results collectively demonstrate that ACCF offers a multi-targeted natural therapeutic strategy against sepsis-induced organ dysfunction, oxidative damage, and infection, warranting further investigation into its clinical translational potential.