Explosive unit consumption based on the impact dynamic characteristics and energy dissipation of frozen sandstone

To enhance blasting effectiveness in cold regions, the unit consumption of explosives for frozen rock blasting must be optimized. The present study conducted SHPB tests to investigate the dynamic mechanical properties of sandstone under freezing conditions and analyzed the energy dissipation characteristics of rock blasting at different moisture contents. With the gradual increase of moisture content, the impact dissipation energy of the sandstone specimens decreases gradually, and the energy dissipation of the frozen state is higher than that of the normal state. In accordance with the columnar explosive energy distribution theory, the impact fragmentation energy of frozen sandstone is regarded as being equivalent to the energy required for explosives to fragment frozen sandstone. Fitting the explosives unit consumption required for sandstone blasting in different states to obtain a sandstone blasting unit consumption model, which can provide a reference for blasting explosive consumption for sandstone blasting projects in cold regions.