Model validation confirms variable relative biological effectiveness and elevated periventricular sensitivity after proton therapy of brain tumors

This study validates recently proposed voxel-wise and patient-wise predictive models for localization and occurrence of late radiation-induced contrast enhancements after proton therapy for brain tumors. Using an independent patient cohort, we confirmed the models' accuracy and reliability, emphasizing an increased radiosensitivity in periventricular regions and a linear-energy-transfer-dependent relative biological effectiveness.