Functional role of manganese nanoparticles in broiler diets: Impacts on growth, antioxidant status, immune response, blood minerals, digestive enzymes, carcass traits, and cecal bacterial counts.

Green manganese nanoparticles can readily cross cellular membranes and interact efficiently with biological systems, potentially enhancing manganese bioavailability, metabolism, and uptake in animals. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary biological nano manganese (MnNPs) supplementation on growth performance, hematological and biochemical indices, antioxidant status, immune response, blood mineral profile, digestive enzyme activity, carcass characteristics, and cecal bacterial counts in broiler chickens. Three hundred unsexed, one-week-old Arbor Acre broiler chicks were split into 5 treatment groups, each consisting of sixty birds, at random. Each group was divided into 5 replicates, each with twelve chicks. The initial group adhered to a control diet devoid of MnNPs, whereas the subsequent groups (2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th) received diets enriched with MnNPs at 30, 60, 90, and 120 mg/kg, respectively. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA under a completely randomized design. MnNPs administration to broilers' diets significantly improved body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.01) all over the trial period. Moreover, the results showed no significant improvement in carcass traits, except for gizzard, giblets, and abdominal fat, which exhibited substantial improvement (P < 0.05). Furthermore, hepatic and renal functions, as well as lipid profile, significantly improved with MnNPs supplementation. Red blood cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs) significantly augmented with MnNPs administration (P < 0.05). The 4th group showed augmented albumin and globulin levels, while the 3rd group (60 mg/kg) exhibited augmented globulin levels. Furthermore, liver enzymes Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were substantially reduced with MnNPs treatment, and the 4th group (90 mg/kg) showed the lowest AST concentration, while the 3rd group showed decreased ALT levels. Kidney function test (urea, uric acid, and creatinine) was substantially improved with MnNPs supplementation (P < 0.01). Our findings exhibited that treating with MnNPs substantially improved digestive enzyme activity. The outcomes exhibited a substantial elevation (P < 0.05) in Mn and Zn concentration with MnNPs supplementation. Immunity indices and the weight of immune organs were significantly boosted with MnNPs treatment (P < 0.05). The intestinal bacteria, specifically beneficial bacteria, was significantly improved with MnNPs supplementation (P < 0.05). MnNPs supplementation up to 120 mg/kg to broiler diets improves growth performance, carcass characteristics, renal and hepatic function, immunological parameters, lipid profile, and the cecal bacterial counts.