S. Kumano, Kenshi Kuroki
Tensor-polarized twist-3 parton distribution functions (PDFs) f LT ( x ) are calculated for the spin-1 deuteron by using twist-2 relations, which are similar to the Wandzura-Wilczek relation and the Burkhardt-Cottingham sum rule in the spin-1/2 nucleon, together with tensor-polarized twist-2 PDFs f 1 LL ( x ). The PDFs are shown for f LT ( x ) at Q 2 = 2.5 GeV 2 , where the tensor-polarized PDFs f 1 LL ( x ) are provided. The x -dependence of f LT ( x ) is similar to f 1 LL ( x ), and the magnitude of f LT ( x ) is roughly of the order of f 1 LL ( x ). In experiments at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab), higher-twist effects could be sizable because Q 2 values are not very large in comparison with the hadronic scale of 1 GeV 2 . Therefore, the JLab experiments could provide a good opportunity to investigate the twist-3 distributions f LT ( x ) in addition to the twist-2 ones f 1 LL ( x ). Furthermore, these tensor-polarized PDFs could be investigated at future Electron-Ion Colliders (EICs) and hadron accelerator facilities such as the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA), and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).