Ethical Guidance for Investigational Implantable Neural Device Studies: Recommendations for Researchers and Research Ethics Committees

OBJECTIVES: Clinical studies of implantable neural devices raise unique ethical and legal challenges owing to the distinctive nature of these technologies and their research contexts. Persistent issues such as inadequate posttrial arrangements, psychologic risks, and study team roles have been highlighted in the literature. This study aims to address ongoing ethical challenges in clinical studies of implantable neural devices by providing practical recommendations for researchers and research ethics committees (RECs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on the synthesis of a comprehensive review of academic literature, existing ethical and legal guidelines, empirical studies, and input from various stakeholders, recommendations and their practical translation for RECs and researchers have been formulated. RESULTS: The study presents recommendations organized into five central themes: 1) the study team, 2) participant selection and recruitment, 3) informed consent processes, 4) risk-benefit assessment, and 5) posttrial responsibilities. Moreover, two procedural recommendations aim to enhance REC review processes specific to investigational implantable neural devices studies. CONCLUSIONS: These recommendations offer actionable guidance to help researchers align protocols with ethical and legal standards, and to assist RECs in anticipating and mitigating ethical risks in clinical studies involving implantable neural devices.