Dual-domain engineered exosome-based self-powered microneedle delivery platform for the treatment of infected wounds

Bacterial infection and persistent inflammation severely hinder tissue regeneration; therefore, a synergistic therapeutic strategy that combines antibacterial and pro-healing functions is crucial for the effective treatment of infected wounds. In this study, we construct a self-powered microneedle drug delivery platform based on a Dual-domain engineered exosome (D 2 -Exo) that integrates antimicrobial and healing-promoting capabilities. The exosome is internally loaded with asiaticoside and surface-modified with an antimicrobial peptide. The self-powered microneedle delivery platform, driven by a triboelectric nanogenerator, enables precise and efficient release of the D 2 -Exo. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that electrical stimulation significantly enhances exosome release and cellular uptake. The D 2 -Exo-loaded platform effectively reduces inflammation, inhibits bacterial infection, and promotes granulation tissue formation and collagen deposition, thereby accelerating the healing of infected wounds. This study presents a promising strategy for the intelligent treatment of infected wounds. We developed a dual-domain-exosome-based self-powered microneedle delivery platform for the treatment of infected wounds with dual functionalities by loading asiaticoside internally and grafting antimicrobial peptides on its surface for synergistic antibacterial and pro-healing effects. Delivered via a self-powered microneedle platform, the Dual-domain exosome enables electrically enhanced release and cellular uptake, effectively reducing infection, suppressing inflammation, and accelerating wound regeneration. • Dual-domain exosomes are engineered with antibacterial and healing-promoting properties. • A self-powered microneedle delivery platform enables controlled release of Dual-domain exosomes. • The platform effectively eliminates bacteria, suppresses inflammation, and enhances cellular activity. • This strategy significantly promotes infected wound healing.